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Why it is Good to have ORL >30dB for general fiber links?

Why it is Good to have ORL >30dB for general fiber links? Optical return loss (ORL) is the logarithmic ratio...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Basic understanding on Tap ratio for Splitter/Coupler

Basic understanding on Tap ratio for Splitter/Coupler Fiber splitters/couplers divide optical power from one common port to two or more...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Why heterodyne detection technique is used in Coherent technology receivers rather homodyne?

As we know that either homodyne or heterodyne detection can be used to convert the received optical signal into an electrical form. In the...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Basics of Coherent System

What Is Coherent Communication? Definition of coherent light A coherent light consists of two light waves that: 1) Have the...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Method to Resolve the Adjacent-Channel Interference in 100G Transmission.

In a non-coherent WDM system, each optical channel on the line side uses only one binary channel to carry service information. The service transmission...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Measuring Coherent System OSNR using integral method

For coherent signals with wide optical spectrum, the traditional scanning method using an OSA or inband polarization method (EXFO) cannot...
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  • March 26, 2025
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FEC and Latency

Why does FEC introduce latency? The addition of FEC overhead at the transmit end and FEC decoding at the receive...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Why does coherent detection introduce pre-FEC bit errors?

Why does coherent detection introduce pre-FEC bit errors? The DSP algorithm at the receive end detects and analyzes the phase...
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  • March 26, 2025
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Invalid Data Flag or Suspect Interval in PM(Performance Monitoring) counters

The ITU standards define a “suspect internal flag” which should indicate if the data contained within a register is ‘suspect’...
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  • March 26, 2025
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HO-ODU/LO-ODU CONCEPT

A Lower Order-ODU or LO-ODU is an ODUk, whose OPUk transports a inside mapped client. An Higher Order-ODU or HO-ODU is...
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  • March 26, 2025
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